Refining and processing of oil and its Products

Refining and processing of oil and its Products

1.    Crude oil refining and supplying of it products

Oil is sorted by refining in refineries to obtain its essential products for life such as jet fuel and automobile fuel. We do that

In 2003,the company has become a prominent position in the map of oil trade in the region through the specialization of buying crude oil and entering it into refineries for refining operations and obtaining oil products and then marketed to companies and countries. The company has many sources to buy crude oil in the Arabian Gulf region especially in the beginnings and then expanded to other countries such as Venezuela - Nigeria - Libya - Iraq and others.
The amount of crude oil refined for the company in 2015 is (29,500,000) million barrels.
In 2016, it was (35,000,000) million barrels.
In 2017, it was (48,000,000) million barrels
In 2018, it was (52,000,000) million barrels.

OIL DERIVATIVES
Oil consists of a mixture of hydrocarbons and liquid organic compounds. To separate these compounds from each other, crude oil is refined. This separates oil derivatives based on their different boiling point. The most important derivatives of oil: gasoline, kerosene, lubricants, paraffin wax, diesel, asphalt, petrochemicals, liquefied petroleum gas and fuel oil.
Oil derivativesare refined and extracted from the crude oil by refining processes starting from heating, distillation, gas separation and successive stages to produce a product or a derivative of one of the most famous oil derivatives
 
These results made the company succeed in meeting the demands of its customers and equipping them with petroleum products in a distinct policy was the open passage to achieve its goals in the sustainability of work with oil refineries on the one hand and companies trading or consuming petroleum products on the other hand. This successful policy made the company enter into long-term commitments and contracts in the processing of crude oil or petroleum products 
 
OIL REFINERY
 
It is a facility that receives crude oil and sorts its materials into a large number of consumer oil products, such as automotive fuel, diesel, jet fuel, white oil, bitumen and hundreds of other products and take advantage of large areas , operating 24 hours a day throughout the year .
The Middle East is witnessing significant developments in the development of oil refineries to meet the growing demand for petroleum products in the domestic market, in order to meet the growing demand for petroleum products in the local market and most projects are focused in Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates.
The demand for petroleum products has increased over the past 10 years, but this increase has not been accompanied by an increase in refining capacity to meet the needs of the domestic market of petroleum products.
 

The Most Important Oil Derivatives
The company specialized in processing the following Oil derivatives:-
1 - GASOLINE
Gasolineis a transparent liquid that is used as a fuel for cars, because of the high energy produced by combustion, It is also used as fuel for airplanes and compressors and in generators.
2 - DIESEL
Diesel is a derivative of oil that can be obtained using fractional distillation. It is separated from oil at a temperature.Diesel is used to run gas turbines and external combustion engines and is used as fuel in some types of cars, buses, trucks and locomotives.
3 - KEROSENE
Keroseneis a transparent or pale yellowish-blue liquid, the main product of the fractional refining process of oil ,and known in the Arab countries kerosene. Kerosene is an essential component of jet fuel fuels, thanks to its characteristics, such as ignition quality, constant combustion in the engine, and low volatility viscosity and proper density.
Among the types of kerosene:
Aircraft kerosene: divided according to the degree of freezing into several types, including: -
* Kerosene for engines and machinery          * Kerosene for warming and heating
* Kerosene for lighting                                        * Jet Kerosene (JP-8-100)
* Jet kerosene (JP-8).                                  * Jet kerosene (JP-5)
* Jet kerosene (JP-4)                                  * Jet kerosene (JET B)
* Jet kerosene (JET A-1)                             * Jet kerosene (JET A)
 
4 - FUEL OIL
Fuel oilsare the heaviest oil derivatives, used to heat homes, fuel for trucks and ships, and some types of cars, and to run backup generators in offices, in addition to power plants.
5 - LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
* Liquefied petroleum gasis a mixture of hydrocarbons and its forms, propane, butane.
* Propaneis a colorless gas,extracted from crude oil or natural gas, and its chemical formula is C3H8. Propane can be liquefied easily under high pressure, so it is liquid in cylinders and tanks, and is used alone or mixed with liquid butane, as fuel for domestic and industrial uses and internal combustion engines.
* Butaneis a colorless, odorless, chemical formula with C4H10. Butane is added to gasoline to increase its volatility.
6 - LUBRICANTS
Lubricating oilsare used to reduce friction between the surfaces of interconnected objects.
7 - PETROCHEMICALS
Petrochemicals are chemical products that can be extracted from crude oil and natural gas.classified into two groups:
* Olefins
* Aromatics
Petrochemicals are used for the manufacture of many materials, mainly: fertilizers, shoes, wax, food additives, plastic bottles, detergents, and others.
8 - PARAFFIN WAX
Paraffin wax comes in the form of solid wax at normal temperature and is extracted from crude oil as a desirable byproduct. However, it has value in itself and can be marketed for multiple uses.
 
9 - ASPHALT
Asphalt is a high-viscosity black oil derivative. Asphalt is extracted by distillation of crude oil at a high temperature .It is used to pave the streets and paint roofs to prevent water leakage.